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Detailed Program
Paper Number : SY-O02
Time Frame : 16:05~16:20
Presentation Date : Thurse day, 27, November
Session Name : Synthesis, Raw Materials & Advanced powder processing
Session Chair 1# : Dong Sik Bae
Session Chair 2# : Koichiro Tsuzuku
Electronic Spectra of Tourmaline Treated by Heat and Electron Beam Irradiation
Apichate MANEEWONG
Korean University of Science & Technology
Tourmaline is an extremely important mineral. Known as the ˇ°Electric Stoneˇ±, Tourmaline is the highest-energy crystal in the world. In 1880, lab experiments performed by Pierre and Jacques Curie proved that Tourmaline generates a weak electrical charge. This electrical charge enables Tourmaline to produce far infrared photon energy, negative ions, and alpha waves [1]. Therefore, in this work electronic spectra, chemical compositions and structure behavior of two pink and one green tourmaline from Nigeria and Afghanistan have been investigated by UV–Vis, EDXRF, XRD, HRPD, XPS and SANS. Tourmaline minerals observed in different geologic environment, show significant variations in terms of chemical compositions. All samples were fluor-elbaite with fluorine weight fraction about 2.00%. The origin of color in pink tourmaline can be attributed to the presence of Mn2+ and Mn3+ which showed a small and broad absorption band at 396 and 520 nm, respectively. The heating completely reduced both the Mn3+ and Mn2+ which making colorless at 600 C. The green color in tourmaline is related to the presence of ferrous iron at the octahedral site. Resulting showed the ferrous ions which did not reduce or oxidize upon heating in air. Pink tourmalines with a high Mn content return to original color after irradiation with electron 800 kGy. Both heat treatment and electron irradiation do not produce any significant changed of composition on the cation side of tourmaline

References:
[1] Timothy Winey, ˇ°Method and apparatus for the exploitation of piezoelectric and other effects in carbon-based life forms,ˇ± U.S. Patent 20070258329 A1, Nov 8, 2007.

Acknowledgements :